Mercury (Hg) is considered a worldwide pollutant since it is the predominant form of atmospheric mercury which has a long residence time in the atmosphere. Gold (Au) extraction by mercury amalgamation, as a traditional technique with simple equipment and skills, is used popularly in many parts of the world, which causes serious Hg contamination in the environment. The report provides the latest research on current situation of gold amalgamation at two large goldfields in China – Lingbao of Henan province and Tongguan of Shaanxi province, as well as technical advice and suggestions for further research.